Homeowners facing payment difficulties should consider two options-loan modification versus refinance-when seeking a solution to an unaffordable home loan. What is the difference between the two and what are the pros and cons of each option? Here is a brief description of what each option has to offer a struggling homeowner:
There are several factors preventing people from taking advantage of the lowest mortgage rates we have seen in a long time. The most prevalent reason is that the mortgage is underwater. The decreases in home values have left many people with little or no equity in their homes. Typically, if you do not have any equity in your home, you cannot refinance your mortgage. Additionally, qualifications for refinancing have become much stricter. The days of obtaining a “no documentation/no verification” loan are long gone. Lenders have also raised the bar on credit requirements. As more and more people struggle to survive in the current economy, credit ratings are falling. This increases the difficulty of qualifying for a refinance, even for people who are current with their mortgage payments.
Critical to this program is the fact that delinquency is not a requirement for eligibility. Since loan modifications are more likely to succeed if they are made before a borrower misses a payment, the program aims to address mortgage problems before payments fall behind. HAMP Requirements: Home has to be primary residence.
The current first mortgage balance must be equal to or less than $729,750 (above this amount is considered a non-conforming mortgage per Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guidelines)
You are having trouble making your mortgage payment – via reduction of income, increase of mortgage payment, or other hardship.
Current mortgage was taken out before January 1st, 2009
Housing expense (including mortgage payment, taxes, insurance and homeowner’s association dues, if applicable) are greater than 31% of your gross income.
The critical figure in the HAMP program is the housing expense ratio noted in the last bullet point above. The intent is to make the homeowners housing expenses no more that 31% of their gross income.
Another program requirement that is frustrating homeowners is the three-month probationary period. Once a homeowner has qualified for a refinance under the FHA program, the new mortgage payment is required to be made on time and in full. If the homeowner fails to meet this requirement, the new payment arrangement is revoked. However, if the payments were made on time, the homeowner is supposed to be granted this arrangement permanently. However, lenders have stretched this probationary period to six or even ten months. The unwillingness of lenders to uphold the three-month program requirement has left homeowners so aggravated that they walk away from the program even after they have qualified.
Home Affordable Refinance Program (HARP). This plan is designed to help homeowners, who have been keeping their mortgage up to date, to lower their mortgage payment by refinancing their mortgage before potential problems arise. As mentioned already, falling home prices have made it much more difficult to refinance a mortgage. Mortgage lenders, industry-wide, typically will not lend more than 80% of the value of a property (this is called Loan to Value). Hence, if your home is worth $300,000 for example, you cannot refinance your mortgage if you own more than $240,000 on the home ($300,000 X.8). HARP enables homeowners, who otherwise would be unable to refinance their home, a program to do just that – refinance their mortgage and reduce the monthly mortgage payment. HARP Requirements: Own (and reside) in a 1 to 4 family residence
Have a mortgage that is owned or guaranteed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. Current on the mortgage payments (i.e., no payments past 30 days late in the last 12 months)
Amount you owe on the first mortgage is about the same or less than the current value of the home (you may be eligible if the first mortgage balance does not exceed 125% of the value of the home) Go tomakinghomeaffordable.gov/loan_lookup.html to find out if Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac owns or guarantees your mortgage.
Learn more about Obama Mortgage Relief Plan Qualifications.